Summary of The Cairo University AIDS Awareness Campaign

In 1987, Unicef agreed to fund an unsolicited proposal to sponsor a Program of special events at 10 different Cairo University faculties. A baseline study identified the following problems:

Prevalence of Risky Behaviours
Misconceptions About Means of Transmission
Low Tolerance and Negative Attitudes Towards AIDS Patients
Insufficient Knowledge of Prevention, Especially Condom Use.

The events were attended by huge numbers of students, reaching a record 3,000 at the faculty of commerce. A major effort was undertaken to coordinate between the various faculties and the university administration, the National AIDS program, the boy scouts, the speakers, and the celebrity (Hesham Abdel Hamid).

Significant positive change in knowledge and attitudes resulted from these events, as documented by follow-up evaluations of events. Details can be found below.

Baseline study

RESULTS OF A SAMPLE SURVEY AND FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS WITH EGYPTIAN WORKERS AND UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Report Submitted to Unicef

By: Center for Communication Training, Documentation and Production (CCTDP), Faculty of Mass Communication, Cairo University

February 1997

INTRODUCTION

This report presents the main findings of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) survey, and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) which are the first two activities in a comprehensive program that is developed and implemented by the Center for Communication Training, Documentation and Production (CCTDP) of the Faculty of Mass Communication, Cairo University, and sponsored by UNICEF. The original design of this program consists of four different phases as follows:

1. Baseline KAP and Focus Group Studies

2. Training of student opinion leaders

3. Interpersonal and Mass Communication interventions

4. Program evaluation.

I. The Survey and Focus Group Discussions

A survey questionnaire was developed and pretested in three stages:

First, it was reviewed by a selected number of health and research experts, including the Egyptian National AIDS Program Manager. Second, an extensive review of the survey instrument was conducted by the project’s advisory board, which consists of the Dean of the Faculty of Mass Communication, Vice Deans, Chairpersons of the three Departments, Research Supervisors and Coordinator, in addition to the Project Director. The questionnaire was then pretested among a sample of the potential respondents before its final revision.

The survey was implemented in November 1996, on a stratified random sample of 500 interviewees, divided equally between males and females. Of the total sample, 300 are Cairo University students and 200 are factory workers. The first stage of the survey implementation included the selection of 10 Faculties and 4 factories, and the second phase involved the random selection and interviewing in these identified locations. A total of 30 interviews were conducted in each of the following 10 faculties: Mass Communication, Commerce (Tegarah), Arabic Studies (Dar el O’lum), Antiquities (A’thar), Economics and Political Science, Engineering, Sciences (O’loum), Agriculture, Veterinarian Medicine and the Faculty of Arts (A’dab).

The student sample of 300 interviewees was distributed as follows:

First year students	83
Second year	82
Third year	73
Fourth year	62
Total number of students	300

The workers sub-sample of 200 interviewees was distributed as follows:

Goldstar	85
Za’afran	45
Iron & Steel	26
Telemisr	44
Total number of workers	200

Twelve Focus Group Discussions were conducted with groups of 6-8 persons each. Half the groups consisted of males and the other half consisted of females. Six groups included university students while the other groups consisted of university graduates, and included working as well as unemployed graduates. The study was conducted during December 1996.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SURVEY SAMPLE

There are significant differences between the two occupational groups in the survey sample: students and workers. They differ in terms of their ages, family incomes as well as the status of the residential areas they live in. In summary, the student group are much younger and financially better off, and a higher percentage of them lives in “better” neighborhoods than the workers group. This is illustrated in table number (1) below.

It is interesting to note that 21.4% of the sample reported that they had traveled abroad, either to an Arab country (17.4%) or to a foreign one (4.0). There are no significant differences between students and workers in this regard, despite their differences in other Socio-economic and demographic characteristics. On the other hand, 78.6 % have never traveled abroad before, including 77% of students and 78.6% of workers.

II. RISKY BEHAVIORS

Information on risky behaviors was obtained primarily from the Focus Group Discussions component of the study. The most relevant findings of this study are:

Homosexual relationships are not infrequent. Participants in one FGD mentioned that many cases “were caught” in the students’ dormitory. Four of the six female participants in one group personally know people from both sexes who are homosexual.
One of the male groups explained that the routine for taking IV drugs requires sharing needles and that it is very difficult to even think of using a different needle for each person. Eighty percent of that group reported previous use of different kinds of drugs, but a much smaller number reported using IV drugs.
Due to the cultural norms regarding chastity, some men practice anal sex with girls who are still virgin.
A lot of girls practice premarital sex and have had abortions. Right before marriage (usually about one week), they have a small operation to restore their virginity.
Prostitutes are easily available. One male group agreed that it is a more affordable means of entertainment for youth, compared, for example, to a trip to Alexandria or Hurgada for even one day.
The great majority of men who have had sexual experiences said that they didn’t use condoms. They said that they would only use condoms if they “suspect” their partner, judging from they way they looked.
Almost all of the focus group participants had no idea about STDs. They don’t know their kinds, symptoms, or treatment. They wouldn’t know whether they are themselves infected with STDs or not.
Unemployment and the availability of plenty of spare time are blamed for the “widespread” practice of premarital sex among boys and girls.

III.AWARENESS & KNOWLEDGE OF HIV/AIDS

There is a good overall awareness of what AIDS is. Respondents were asked an open-ended question as to what they knew about AIDS. The following three response categories were considered correct: a disease of the immune system, a non-curable disease, and a sex and blood transmitted disease.

An index of Awareness was created such that these categories were combined in order to indicate the number of different correct answers he/she has given. Table (2) indicates the distribution of the sample in terms of the index of AIDS knowledge. It shows that less than one percent of university students are unaware of AIDS, and that only 5.5% of workers couldn’t give a correct definition. This level of awareness is considered “very good”.

Sources of Information.

Respondents were asked about the different sources of their current information on HIV/AIDS. They were given a list of sources and asked to indicate whether they considered each one of them to be a source of their existing information or not. Table (3) below shows that the most important sources of health information in general are mass media: television programs (57.8 %), newspapers (41.2 %), television advertising (40.4), books (27 %), and radio programs (25.2 %). The most important sources of their HIV/AIDS information are quite similar: television advertisements (52 %), television programs (48.4 %), newspapers (36.8 %), books (18.8 %), and radio programs (13 %). Of all 18 sources of health information listed in table (3), respondents ranked the following as the most important ones:

Television programs, TV advertisements and Newspapers, therefore, seem to be the most important three sources of health information for both students and workers alike. While books come right after these choices for students, it is radio programs which occupy the fourth place for workers as a source of health information. Direct communication with friends and relatives comes in fifth place for both students and the workers.

Quality of HIV/AIDS Knowledge

Respondents were given a list of possible means of transmission, and were asked to indicate which ones were means of HIV infection. Table (4) below indicates the percentages of respondents who mentioned that AIDS is transmitted through each one of these means:

It is obvious from table (4) above that both students and workers have a good knowledge that HIV is transmitted through sex (96.8 %) infected blood (87.8 %), infected needles (94.8 %), or IV drug addiction (93%). In fact, there are no significant differences between the two groups in this regard, with the exception of a minor difference in only one of these four aspects. The real difference between the two groups, however, is rather clear when we consider the “incorrect” beliefs which are held regarding transmission through such means as insects, swimming pools, public toilets, touching, coughing and sneezing, as well as casual kissing between friends and relatives. In fact, we constructed an index of correct knowledge of HIV transmission, consisting of 10 items from the above list, after excluding the following three items: addiction generally, dentists clinics, and shaving tools, because these three items could be means of transmission only in rare circumstances, while the other ten items are more clear cut in terms of whether or not they are means of transmission. The index was constructed such that the correct answer received a score of 1 and the incorrect answer a score of zero. The following index items were considered to be the correct answers:

In order for a person to get a score of 10, he/she would have to give all of the above correct answers. Following is the sample distribution according to this index.

Almost half the samples, according to this index, have some misconceptions regarding correct modes of HIV infection, and believe in certain untrue means of transmission. This percentage even rises to almost two thirds of the workers. In fact, one third of the workers group has at least three misconceptions, and 16 % have five or more misconceptions. On the other hand, the students sample seems to have better levels of knowledge, even though 39 percent of them have at least one misconception about the modes of transmission.

When respondents were asked whether they thought that there was a difference between a person who is an “HIV-carrier” and an AIDS patient, only 40.6 % said yes, while the other 59.4% either said no or stated that they didn’t know the answer to the question. In fact, there was also a large significant difference between workers and students in this regard, with the percentage of those not knowing the difference reaching 69.5 % of the workers sample and 52.7 % of the student sample. Furthermore, only 59.5 % of those who said that there was a difference between HIV-carriers and AIDS patients knew what these differences were (51.4 % of workers and 63.3% of students).

Respondents were also asked a second question to measure their knowledge of HIV/AIDS. They were asked whether there are symptoms which appear on those who carry the HIV virus. To our surprise, 90 % gave the wrong answer that there were such symptoms! Even more surprising was the finding that there were no differences between workers and students’ responses in this regard.

These series of questions lead to the conclusion that there are even more misconceptions under the surface with regards to HIV/AIDS knowledge, and that we shouldn’t be misled by the high levels of “awareness” of what AIDS is or the “awareness” that it is transmitted through sex and blood. It is also quite significant to note that the target population appears to lack the knowledge that it is possible for people to carry the HIV virus without showing any signs which indicate their infection, and do not seem to realize that such persons have the ability to transmit the virus to others. This information appears to be a necessary prerequisite for motivating the population to take the necessary preventive precautions to protect themselves.

Related to this issue was the question which we asked respondents about their knowledge of whether or not they thought there was a cure for AIDS. Following is the distribution of differences between students and workers’ responses.

The knowledge aspects indicated above were added to the index which has been discussed earlier, such that each respondent would get an extra one point for knowing that HIV-carriers don’t necessarily show any signs that they are infected, and another point for knowing that AIDS has no cure. The overall knowledge index (with a possible total score of 12 points) was then categorized and cross tabulated with the respondents occupation. the result is shown in table (6) below.

Knowledge of Prevention Practices and Safe Sex

Respondents were asked an open ended question about their knowledge of different ways to protect oneself from HIV/AIDS. Answers to this question were quite similar between students and workers. They tended to focus on abstinence, being careful with blood, and not using others’ shaving tools. It is interesting to note that condoms were mentioned as a means of protection by only 5.8 percent of the total sample (9 % of students and only 1 percent of workers.) The detailed responses are included in table (7) below.

The sufficiency of these levels of knowledge for HIV/AIDS prevention is doubtful, given what is known about the prevalence of certain sexual practices, as indicated in section I regarding risky behaviors.

IV. ATTITUDES TOWARDS HIV/AIDS

Respondents were asked a series of questions designed to indirectly assess their attitudes towards AIDS patients, as well as test the accuracy of their information on the means of HIV infection. Respondents were given a number of behavioral choices and were asked to indicate their probable behaviors. As indicated in table (8) below, the majority of the sample would certainly attempt to stay as far away from AIDS patients as possible, as most of the workers indicated that they wouldn’t live with, kiss, hug, or eat with an AIDS patient. The students, however, were a little more more tolerant than workers.

Respondents were then asked a more direct series of questions in order to measure their attitudes towards persons who are HIV/AIDS infected. They were first asked to indicate their attitudes towards preventing these people from work or from studying in the university. Table (9) below shows that the majority of the sample have a positive attitude towards HIV/AIDS infected persons in the sense that they disapprove of banning them from work or from the university. A closer examination of these results, however, reveals that students have more positive attitudes. 62 % of students disapprove of banning infected persons from the university and 65 % disapprove of banning them from work, while at least 50 % of the workers approve of preventing infected persons from the university and from work.

Furthermore, we asked respondents a series of questions designed to measure their attitudes towards accepting HIV/AIDS infected persons in certain social activities. Table (10) below illustrates.

Finally, respondents were asked whether or not they would agree with a government law preventing HIV/AIDS infected persons from marriage. The overwhelming majority of both students and workers indicated that they would agree with the government issuing such a law.

Table 11 above reveals an extremely negative attitude towards allowing HIV/AIDS infected persons to marry. This is of course explained by the high level of awareness that sex with an infected person is a cause of infection. It may also be related to the apparent lack of knowledge of safer sex, as described in more detail in the following section.

V. THE CONCEPT OF SAFER SEX

It is known that uninfected persons may protect themselves by using condoms. Our investigation of this concept was phrased in a culturally sensitive manner. The idea of safe sex was presented to our respondents in the context of marriage, and the open-ended question they were asked to answer was what an uninfected wife should do if she finds out that her husband is infected with HIV/AIDS?

The vast majority of our sample (70.4 %) responded that such a wife should get a divorce, 29 % said that the wife should abstain from having sex with her infected husband, and only 5.6 % mentioned that the couple should use a condom (7.3 % of students and only 3 % of workers). In order to force our sample to think harder, we added this follow up question: “what should she do if she wants to stay with her husband ?”. The number of those who mentioned condoms rose only to 13 percent (16.7 % of students and 7.5 % of workers.)

We also asked the same questions with regards to the hypothetical case where the wife was the potential infected partner and the husband being the one who should protect himself. Once again, divorce was the most likely solution thought off by 68 % of the sample, followed by abstinence (24 %). Condom use was mentioned by only 7.2 % (9 % of students and 4.5 % of workers.)

In the follow up question, respondents were asked what the husband should do if he wants to hold on to his wife. The number of those mentioning condoms rose to less than 15 % (19.7 of students and 7.5 % of workers).

This result is quite important, since it seems to indicate that there is no adequate information about safer sex among the sample. Other than abstinence, the vast majority of both students and workers don’t seem to know what to do in order to protect oneself from infection.

Our last question in this regard was about the perceived probability that the respondent may be unknowingly dealing, on a daily basis, with a person who is HIV infected. Our assumption is that those who believe that such a probability is high would be more likely to consider using condoms if they were sexually active. Unfortunately, those who indicated that there was a high probability were very few, while the vast majority believed that it was highly unlikely that anyone they knew was infected with HIV.

VI. THE EXPECTED ROLE OF COMMUNICATION

Respondents were asked a series of questions intended to assess the role which they expected different means and channels of communication to undertake, in order to educate the public about HIV/AIDS and help them protect themselves from infection.

The detailed results are presented in tables 14 and 15 below.

The most relevant remark about table (14) above is that the overwhelming majority of both students and workers advocate the use of all types of mass media to present detailed information about HIV/AIDS to the general public. Policy makers should become aware of this audience attitude, as they tend to shy away from the use of mass media to promote AIDS prevention messages. Table (15) in fact underlines this result, as the vast majority of respondents expressed the opinion that television, in particular, would be the most effective medium in promoting AIDS prevention concepts, as compared to other relatively less high profile mass media and person-to-person communication approaches. It reports the percentages of respondents who described each communication approach as “most useful” in presenting HIV/AIDS information.

As the experimental project in the context of which this study is carried was designed to use radio and person-to-person communication as the main intervention approaches, more detailed questions were asked about these two different channels.

First, we asked respondents to evaluate the different radio formats, and to identify formats which may be more effective for an HIV/AIDS awareness program. Following are the percentages of respondents who selected each radio format as suitable for the program.

It is clear from table (16) above that students and workers have different preferences for radio formats, and these differences are significant at less than 0.01. In fact the format which is ranked as number one by students, namely interviews, is ranked in third place by workers. In the meantime, the radio format most preferred by workers is direct talk, which comes in sixth place for students. In general, the two formats which seem likely to be popular with the two different occupational groups are “interviews” and “questions and answers”.

We further asked respondents to identify the types of persons who should be in the radio programs which they mentioned. Table (17) below lists these persons as ranked by our sample.

Responses to additional questions revealed that a large number of respondents would be uncomfortable with females as radio program hosts or guests. Only 10 % of respondents said that they would prefer female presenters, as opposed to 42.7 % who expressed preference for male presenters (50.0 % of workers, and 37.5 % of students.) The other 47.3 % of the total sample, however expressed no particular sex preference (40.5 % of workers and 51.8 % of students.) Differences between workers and students were significant at the 0.05 level. Finally, both workers and students overwhelmingly approved hosting HIV/AIDS patients in the programs, as illustrated in table (18) below.

Finally, we asked respondents about the appropriate time of day for airing a radio program on HIV/ AIDS prevention. The following preferences were indicated by workers and students.

Contrary to common belief, listening to the radio was not preferred in the morning but in the evening or late night hours. This is perhaps due to the fact that our sample consists mostly of people who don’t have much time in the morning as they have to rush to their work or their classes, but who may have more time in the evening after they return to their homes.

VII. MEDIA PREFERENCES OF STUDENTS AND WORKERS

Respondents were also asked to indicate their media habits and preferences with respect to major mass media: television, radio, newspapers, and magazines. The following table illustrates their responses.

As mentioned before, this study is conducted in the context of an experimental project to use specific communication approaches for HIV/AIDS prevention. In addition to radio, the project is designed to use public meetings for university students. The study, therefore, tested the likelihood that such meetings would be desired by the target students. In response to the question of whether or not they would attend a meeting on HIV/AIDS held in their faculty or factory, 79 % of both students and workers said that they would attend.

Those who said that they would attend were then asked another question as to what kind of speakers and audio-visual aids they would like to see in such meetings. Table (20) illustrates their preferences.

VIII. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The results detailed above have a number of significant implications for the interventions which are planned in the context of this program. The following section discusses these “programming” implications and recommendations.

1. SOURCES OF INFORMATION:

Two kinds of “sources” were investigated in this study. The first is the medium or channel of information and the second is concerned with “individuals” who would be more likely to succeed as sources of information on HIV/AIDS.

The vast majority of respondents believe that all three main type of mass media (TV, radio, and the press) should provide detailed information on HIV/AIDS and how to prevent it (table 14). When asked to choose between the three media, they overwhelmingly selected television. While this fact is important to keep in mind for the long-term HIV/AIDS communication program, we investigated the potential of other media as it is not advisable to depend on one medium alone for an awareness program on HIV/AIDS, or any other issue for that matter. This is one reason why this experimental project is designed to use radio as well as face to face communication.

On the other hand, at least 25% of the sample, including one-third of the workers sub-sample, have indicated that radio programs were among their sources of health information (table 3). This number, however, declines to only 13 % when it comes to AIDS, which may suggest an under-use of radio as a mass medium for HIV/AIDS awareness. In addition, public meetings were mentioned by only 6.4 % as a source of health information, and by only 3.8 % as a source of HIV/AIDS information, which reflects the severe under-use of this medium as well.

In conclusion, the leading source of information which is recommended for the main HIV/AIDS awareness program in Egypt is television. In the short run, however, radio and public meetings seem to be under-used media, the potential of which needs to be assessed in the context of this experimental program. Tables (3) and (4) seem to suggest that there may be a better potential for radio as a channel for workers, and the reverse is true with regards to public meetings, where students have referred to such meetings more often than workers.

On the basis of results which have been detailed above, it would seem that these are the parameters for successful use of radio:

Radio Stations: Middle East, Youth & Sports, and the General Program, in this order.
Program Type: Interviews, Q and A, Investigative reporting, and Group Discussions.
Hosts: Either sex, but not exclusively women.
Guests: Medical Persons, Religion Men, and Youth.
Time of Broadcast: Evening is the clear first choice followed by late night hours.

On the other hand, the overwhelming majority of both students (and workers) welcome the participation in public meetings. They identified the following as parameters for their potential success:

Speakers: Medical and Religion Persons
Audio Visuals: Videotapes and booklets

2. KEY MESSAGE TOPICS & CONTENT

2.1 The Risk of HIV Infection

Anyone can be infected with the HIV virus. You can’t tell by people’s looks, level of education, appearance, income, or occupation. This virus doesn’t discriminate!
There is a good chance that you already know someone who may be carrying the HIV/AIDS virus, without either of you knowing it.
There is no one who is completely immune. Anyone can be at risk if he/she engages in a risk behavior. Prevention is the only cure.

2.2 Condom Use

Condoms are the only means of protection for people who are sexually active. (One way to present this information in a culturally sensitive manner to is address a hypothetical case of a married couple of whom one partner is infected and the other isn’t.)

There is no reason for a husband or wife to divorce their spouse if they discover that they are HIV infected. First, there is a chance that they contracted the virus many years ago before marriage or through blood contamination. The non-infected partner can protect him/herself by using a condom.

2.3 Changing Misconceptions

HIV is not transmitted through public toilets, cough & sneezing, or insects. There is no reason to panic about getting infected. You only need to be careful about two things: unprotected sex and infected blood.
An AIDS patient is not infectious except through sex or blood. You can safely touch or hug them, shake their hands, eat and socialize with them. There is no reason to isolate them socially.

The Role of Mass Media And Interpersonal Communication in HIV/AIDS Prevention: campaign description and results

Final Report to Unicef

By The Center for Communication Training, Documentation and Production (CCTDP) Faculty of Mass Communication, Cairo University.

September 1997

Executive Summary

This report is based on the experience of a pilot project which has been sponsored by UNICEF and implemented by CCTDP of Cairo University between August 1996 and September 1997. It consisted of a baseline study utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods, an intervention using both interpersonal and mass communication approaches, and a follow up evaluation study utilizing measurements of knowledge and attitudes before and after the intervention.

The project has yielded important findings which can be very useful in the planning and implementation of HIV/ AIDS prevention activities in Egypt.

First, it has been demonstrated that youth suffer from a great deficiency in knowledge and correct information on protecting themselves from infection, and they have a great deal of misconceptions about AIDS and those who are infected with it. Their attitudes towards people with AIDS tend to be unjustifiably negative, and fear of infection through imaginary means seem to be a leading cause for these negative attitudes.

Second, the project has demonstrated that such negative attitudes can change quite dramatically with the dissemination of correct information on HIV/AIDS and the means of infection. People become more tolerant of AIDS victims when they realize that they can’t easily be infected through daily encounters with them.

Third, the severe lack of knowledge about condoms as means of protection can be overcome by effective communication approaches. The project interventions were able to cause more than a five-fold-increase in the percentage of youths who mention condom as a means of protection when the partner is possibly infected with the virus.

Finally, the project has demonstrated the need for well planned communication strategies for HIV/AIDS prevention. The current situation of widespread fears, rumors and misinformation may be the result of ineffective use of appropriate approaches. The project has tested and identified techniques which are feasible, relevant and effective in the Egyptian context.

I. Background

Recent information indicates that a significant number of Egyptian youth are engaging in certain risk behaviors which increase the likelihood for contracting HIV and STDs. This information is confirmed by Focus Group Discussions and In-depth Interviews with university students (see baseline report titled: Risky Behaviors And HIV/AIDS Prevention Among Egyptian Youth :Results Of A Sample Survey And Focus Group Discussions With Egyptian Workers And University Students, CCTDP, February 1997). Unfortunately, restrictions in the mass media in Egypt have made it relatively difficult to convey sufficient HIV/AIDS prevention messages and information to Egyptians generally, and to youth in particular.

The “Youth Protection Project” was therefore, developed with the intention of identifying the extent to which these youth have adequate information about safe sex, or if they use any precautions for protecting themselves and others. It also aims at exploring appropriate means of communication to convey essential messages to Egyptian youth, especially university students and workers. The project was implemented in ten faculties at Cairo University and in three different factories in Cairo and Giza. The “Youth Protection Project” was sponsored by UNICEF, and implemented by the Cairo University Center for Communication Training, Documentation and Production (CCTDP).

II. Project Objectives

This project was designed to achieve the following objectives:

Gain current and in-depth information on relevant knowledge, attitudes and behaviors, and identify risk factors and behaviors among this key population group.
Develop essential key prevention messages which would be suitable for youth, the target population of this program, as well as similar target populations.
Disseminate essential prevention messages among a key and a relatively large youth group, namely Cairo University students, who may further disseminate the information they gain to many more thousands of persons.
Develop a model for working with university students which can be replicated in other universities throughout Egypt.

III. Overall Project Description

In order to achieve its objectives, the project conducted baseline and follow up quantitative research studies to assess levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices among the target population, and to identify appropriate intervention techniques and message strategies. It developed and implemented a training program on interpersonal communication skills and relevant HIV/AIDS prevention facts for selected numbers of group leaders and popular students in ten different faculties of the university, and completed a program of presentations and public rallies to the students, organized by their trained peers as well as communication and AIDS education experts. The program also included limited use of mass media, particularly radio and television. Over the project life of one year, the following specific activities have been implemented:

Assessing current HIV/AIDS Knowledge Attitudes and Practices among workers and university students. A survey was conducted on a sample of 500 workers and students, representing males and females from different disciplines and orientations. The survey was conducted before the initiation of other training and promotion interventions, and was repeated at the end of the program.
Identifying Risk Behaviors of university students. A qualitative research study, using Focus Group Discussions aimed at gaining an in-depth knowledge of the types and prevalence of specific risk behaviors among the target population, and an insight on culturally appropriate and acceptable approaches to convey information to university youth on sexual matters. An important objective of the study was the identification of popular types of “opinion leaders” among the students, who would stand a good chance to succeed in organizing student activities and seminars for the purpose of conveying the program messages. This study was also conducted before the initiation of the training and communication interventions.
Training. Small groups of 3-5 students from ten different faculties were selected to join two training programs each of which lasting three days at the faculty of mass communication. The training curriculum included such topics as “interpersonal communication skills”, “how to talk about sensitive issues”, “persuasion techniques”, as well as facts related to HIV/AIDS prevention. Students who were selected for this training program became the organizers of specific activities in their respective departments or faculties. They were mostly members of the Student Unions or the student “Fraternities” which are “grass root” organizations.
Student Education. A detailed program of activities through which essential prevention messages are conveyed to students was implemented in ten different student rallies which were promoted by the student organizers. These events included short presentations by the student leaders, the faculty dean or his/her representative, two guest speakers (from UNICEF and the National AIDS Control Program) and the director of CCTDP. The main segment of the rally, however, consisted of a very frank session of questions and answers, which lasted about an hour and a half. The event also included the distribution of leaflets as well as a display of posters, and typically ended with a quiz, where ten different questions were asked and instant prizes given to students who answered them correctly.
Project Evaluation. Both the process and impact of the project were evaluated in a number of ways. First, the training workshops were evaluated by participants during the final session of the program. Second, each one of the 10 rallies was evaluated both in terms of process and impact. A summary report was written on the process of each rally, and the main lessons were utilized in the planning and implementation of subsequent rallies. On the bases of these reports, prizes were given to the organizers of the best three rallies. Impact evaluation was conducted as well, where a sample of 20 students were interviewed before the rally and a different set of another 20 students were interviewed after the rally. All students were randomly selected, and the same survey instrument (questionnaire) was used in the two rounds of interviews.

IV. Timeline

The project was developed and implemented over a one year period, from September 1996 to August 1997. It included the following phases:

September 1996:	Develop research tools and survey samples
October-December 1996:	Implement and analyze baseline study
January 1997:	Organize two Training of Trainers workshops
February-April 1997:	Educational Rallies in 10 Faculties
May-August 1997:	Conduct and analyze follow up survey

A detailed report on the baseline study was submitted to Unicef in February 1997, upon completion of the Survey and Focus Group Discussions. The report is titled “Risky Behaviors and HIV/AIDS Prevention among Egyptian Youth”, which presents the results of a sample survey and Focus Group Discussions with Egyptian workers and university students. The main conclusions of the report were that workers and students have four main problems with respect to HIV/AIDS prevention. First, their perceived Risk of HIV Infection is quite low, which means that they don’t see that they may be at risk. Second, they have a number of misconceptions about AIDS, including ways of transmission and infection. Third, they have an unnecessary negative attitude towards HIV infected persons, with a large number of respondents believing that they should be banned from work, schools and different social activities. Finally, a very low percentage of respondents mentioned condom use as a means of HIV/AIDS prevention, even when one spouse is infected and the other knows it, and is not infected himself/herself.

V. Description of the Training Program

A total of 40 student leaders from 10 different faculties were selected from among those with active participation in, and membership of the student union and/or student fraternities. The Center for Communication Training, Documentation and Production (CCTDP) received the approvals of the Deans of respected faculties to let the selected students participate in training workshops developed and implemented by CCTDP.

A three-day workshop was designed for these students in order to develop their interpersonal communication and organizational skills, and to provide them with an overview of HIV/AIDS. To maximize group interaction, the group was divided into two sub-groups of 20 students each. Each group was then invited to attend one of two identical training workshops during February 1997.

VI. Description of the Campaign

A major part of the training workshop was devoted to practical issues concerning the organization of AIDS awareness rallies by the trainees upon their return to their faculties. Letters were then sent by the Director of CCTDP to the Deans of the 10 participating faculties, expressing an appreciation of their cooperation with the project, and conveying the desire of participating students to extend the benefits of the training workshop to their colleagues through the organization of student rallies in their faculties. During March and April 1997, a total of 10 rallies were held at Cairo University. Nine rallies were held for the students of specific Faculties, while the tenth was attended by boy scouts and youth advisers from throughout the university. Following is a list of faculties where the ten rallies were organized:

Arts
Mass Communication
Commerce
Science
Antiquities
Arabic Studies
Economics & Political Science
Engineering
Veterinarian Medicine
Mass Communication (for university boy scouts and youth advisers).

The rallies were organized by students who had been trained by CCTDP. The center provided behind the scene guidance and support throughout the process, but the students themselves handled all matters of organization in their respective faculties, including all logistics, promotion, and the necessary approvals of the security and administration of the faculty. CCTDP staff assisted the students in the coordination with speakers in addition to management and evaluation of the rallies.

The event typically started with brief introductory speeches, followed by short presentations by the speakers. The main segment consisted of questions by the students and answers by the panelists. All questions were answered frankly. The last segment in the rally consisted of a quiz, where 10 random numbers were drawn, typically by the Dean or his representative. Questions were asked by panelists, and the correct answers were awarded LE 10 each. This approach was used to attract students to the rallies, and was further utilized to emphasize and review the main issues discussed during the rally.

VII. The Follow up Evaluation

A survey questionnaire was developed to measure the knowledge, attitudes, and intentions of students with regards to HIV/AIDS. A team of trained interviewers conducted an average of 20 interviews before each rally began, and another 20 interviews upon the conclusion of the rally. A total sample of 391 was therefore interviewed, of whom 182 were interviewed before and 209 were interviewed after the rallies. There was virtually no chance for other factors to contaminate the comparison, as the two sets of interviews were conducted within a span of approximately two hours, during which the rally was the only intervention. A comparison between respondents who were interviewed before the rallies and those interviewed after them reveals that the two sub-samples are quite comparable in terms of main demographic and socioeconomic factors, such as residential areas, income, age, and sex.

There were no rallies or face-to-face communication activities planned for workers in this project. The intervention depended for this category on mass media, which consisted of limited use of radio and television, in the form of some regular programs devoting certain episodes for messages on the subject matter. The project design did not in fact intend to make full use of mass media in the context of this project, as the main objective was to test a methodology for effective face-to-face communication.

The methodological design therefore is such that we had four different groups in the follow up sample:

Group one: students interviewed right before the rallies (N=182).
Group two: students interviewed right after they have attended the rallies (N=209).
Group three: workers interviewed in the baseline study (N=200).
Group four: workers interviewed after the mass media material introduced by the project were aired. They were not exposed to the rallies (N=153).

VIII. Findings of the Evaluation Study

1. KNOWLEDGE OF MEANS OF HIV/AIDS TRANSMISSION

Respondents were asked a closed question about the means of HIV/AIDS transmission. A list of correct and incorrect choices was given to them to choose from. Following are the percentages of respondents who selected each one of the given choices.

These findings show a very significant improvement in knowledge of students after the rallies, especially with respect to misconceptions about means of HIV/AIDS transmission, such as shaving tools, kissing, coughing, insects, and dentists’ offices. On the other hand, no similar improvements in knowledge took place in the workers sub-sample who were not exposed to the public rallies component of the campaign.

2. KNOWLEDGE OF MEANS OF PROTECTION

Respondents were also asked an open-ended question intended to measure their knowledge of means of protection from HIV/AIDS infection. Their responses were then categorized as presented in table (2) below:

The change which took place in the percentage of students mentioning condoms as a means of protection is remarkable (from less than 4 percent before the rallies to over 15 percent after the rallies). At the same time, the corresponding percentage in the workers group didn’t change. In fact, there were no other statistically significant changes in either group.

3. ATTITUDES TOWARDS AIDS PATIENTS

Respondents were asked whether or not they would engage in certain activities with persons who are infected with HIV/AIDS. Those who answered negatively are included in table (3) below.

Table (3) above shows how effective the rallies have been in the area of attitude change. Quite dramatic changes have taken place in the student sub-sample who attended the rallies, while the workers group didn’t show any significant change of attitudes.

4. RESPECTING HUMAN RIGHTS OF AIDS PATIENTS

A number of questions were asked to measure attitudes of both students and workers towards AIDS patients with respect to human rights-related issues, such as being allowed to work, study and engage in social activities. The following questions were asked:

a) Would you approve or disapprove of preventing AIDS patients from studying at the university?

b) Would you approve or disapprove of preventing AIDS patients from working with others?

c) In your opinion, do AIDS patients have the right to enter sports clubs, coffee shops, visit others at home, play sports, work with others, or visit Egypt (for foreign patients)?

Table (4) below summarizes the changes in attitudes after the intervention. It presents the percentages of respondents who expressed positive attitudes towards AIDS patients.

Once again the rallies prove to have been very effective in the area of attitude change. All aspects of attitudes which have been measured have changed after the rallies in the same direction of becoming much more positive. While the same direction is true for changes in the attitudes of workers, the magnitude of change is clearly different, with most of these changes being non significant.

5. KNOWLEDGE OF CONDOM USE & EFFECTIVENESS

The issue of condom use as a means of prevention is perhaps one of the most critical issues in HIV/AIDS. For this reason, a delicate and creative approach was used in the rallies to convey the message that condoms should be used in sexual relationships where there is a risk of infection. A hypothetical situation where one spouse is infected and the other isn’t was presented, and the audience were told that such a couple can continue to live as husband and wife if they use condoms.

In the questionnaire administered both before and after the campaign the following two questions were asked:

Question 1: If a wife finds out that her husband is infected with AIDS and that she is not. How can she protect herself?

Question 2: If a husband finds out that his wife is infected with AIDS and that he is not. How can he protect himself?

This table presents what is possibly the single most important change in any of the study variables. The percentage of respondents saying that a condom should be used if the husband is infected has increased from 12.7 percent before the rallies to 70.3 percent after the rallies, which is a 5.5 fold increase. Those who said that a condom should be used if the wife is infected also increased from 12.7 percent before to 60.7 percent after the rallies, which is a little less than a five-fold increase. Changes in the workers sub-samples, on the other hand, were not statistically significant.

6. PERCIEVED RISK OF INFECTION

Table (6) below reports on the percentages of respondents who ranked the risk of HIV infection as being non-existent (zero percent), moderate (less than 50%), or high (50% or more).

Even though it is not statistically significant, there is an increase in the perception of being at risk among students who attended the rallies. It is interesting to note that the change in the perception of workers was in the opposite direction, but it also was not significant.

7. GENERAL EVALUATION OF THE RALLIES

Finally, respondents who attended the rallies were asked a set of questions intended to measure their overall evaluation of the rallies. The questions measured the extent of liking the rallies and learning from them, and whether or not the students found these rallies to be attractive and organized. Following are the percentages of students with positive responses:

8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The findings detailed above lead to the following conclusions:

Well organized face-to-face activities, such as the rallies for the “Protection of Youth from AIDS” can be effective means of conveying health messages generally and HIV/AIDS information in particular.
Mass media campaigns are effective only if they are sustained at a relatively high level of saturation and maintained over a sufficiently extended period of time. Sporadic and non-intensive media efforts may raise awareness of an issue for a limited period of time, but may not be sufficient to change attitudes or behaviors.
Being culturally relevant and sensitive does not preclude the dissemination of essential HIV/AIDS prevention messages, especially on condom use. Creative ways to convey such essential messages are quite possible.
Interpersonal communication is effective only to the extent it is well planned and implemented. The rallies on “protecting Youth from AIDS” were effective because of a number of reasons:
They were held under the auspices of H.E. the Minister of Health and Population and the president of Cairo University. This level of sponsorship ensured cooperation by the top administration in the different faculties involved in the project.
A baseline study preceded the intervention and identified essential gaps in knowledge and attitudes. The focus of the presentations and discussions during the rallies was put on these essential aspects.
Opinion leaders of the potential participants were identified and trained in effective interpersonal communication and organizational skills. They were guided by communication specialists to promote the rallies among their peers as their own initiative. The presenters were perceived as merely responding to the invitation by the students.
The rallies utilized approaches which made them attractive to the participants. Popular students were the ones who organized, promoted, and invited their colleagues to attend the rallies. The presentations were mostly interactive with students asking frank questions which are promptly and honestly answered by presenters. Quizzes were used to reinforce newly acquired knowledge, and prizes were given to students who correctly answered questions at the end of the rallies. The general atmosphere was informal, relaxed, friendly, and reflected caring and compassion.
Each rally was evaluated and results were utilized for the planning of subsequent rallies. Students who organized rallies in their faculties were assisted by colleagues who attended the training program with them, so there was a continuous process of information and experience sharing.
The Center for Communication Training, Documentation and Production (CCTDP) provided technical support for all aspects of the planning and implementation of these rallies. In addition, key staff from UNICEF and the National AIDS Control Program provided support to the project and to the rallies in particular.

It is, therefore necessary to make the following recommendations on the bases of the findings and conclusions of this program as outlined above:

A great deal of misconceptions, negative attitudes, and insufficient knowledge exist among Egyptian youth with regards to HIV/AIDS. An effective approach to dealing with these problems has been successfully developed in the context of this program. This approach depends on effective utilization of research, training, and implementation of interpersonal communication programs for the target audience. It is highly recommended that this methodology be replicated for other groups, including students at Cairo University and other universities, in addition to other segments of Egyptian youth. An annual plan of well planned and well implemented and evaluated rallies should be developed and adopted as this approach has shown its great potential in the Egyptian context.
It is apparent that most of the sporadic mass media activities will not lead to any significant impact on knowledge, attitudes, or practices. It is recommended that mass media be used in a more planned, targeted, systematic and sustained manner in order to induce the necessary changes. This may take place in two parallel directions: the first is a more systematic media coverage, which keeps AIDS as key health issue on the national agenda, and the second is a media campaign for mass education and communication which disseminates key prevention messages and makes necessary referrals to other services such as blood testing and the telephone hotline.
Linkages between mass media and interpersonal communication should be identified and strengthened. For example, while the telephone hotline is an extremely useful means of disseminating essential AIDS prevention messages, not enough people know of this service. The National AIDS Program records show a sharp increase in the number of calls whenever the hotline numbers are promoted in the media. The audience can also be prompted as to how they should use the hotline, and what questions they should ask when they call. In other words, mass media should help shape the “agenda” of the target audience, and help direct certain target groups to use this service in the best possible way.
Other means of communication which need further investigation include booklets and video films. In all the rallies which we organized, there was a need for an attractive 10-15 minute video which would set the stage for the discussions to follow. We could not identify such a film. Furthermore, the questions which students asked were a lot more than can be addressed by the booklet which the National Program currently has available. It is recommended that both a video and a revised and more detailed booklet be produced at once, and be used in similar activities in the future.

The following section (in Arabic) provides more details on the training workshops and the mass education campaign, including the ten rallies which were planned and implemented by the project.

الدورات التدريبية عن مهارات الاتصال

الدورة الأولى: 15-17 فبراير 1997، الدورة الثانية: 18-20 فبراير 1997

قام مركز التدريب و التوثيق والإنتاج الإعلامى بكلية الإعلام بتنظيم دورتين لتدريب عدد من الطلاب – من قادة الرأى وذوى النشاط بالكليات العشرة التى تضمنها البحث الميدانى عن الإيدز و ذلك تدعيما لدورهم وقدراتهم فى الاتصــــال الشخصى لنشر الوعى لدى الشباب .

وقد تم اختيار الطلاب لهذه الندوات بناء على ترشيح كل كلية لعدد من طلابها للمشاركة فيها ، وقام المركز بتقسيم الطلاب المرشحين إلى مجموعتين لتلقى المحاضرات حول الإيدز و كيفية الوقاية منه ،و مهارات الاتصال، ودور قادة الرأى، وغيرها من الموضوعات التى تساعد فى تحقيق الهدف من هذه الدورة .

وقد امتدت كل دورة لمدة ثلاثة أيام:

الأولى من يوم السبت الموافق 15 فبراير 1997 إلى يوم الاثنين الموافق 17 فبراير 1997

والثانية من يوم الثلاثاء الموافق 18 فبراير 1997 إلى يوم الخميس الموافق 20 فبراير 1997

وتم تنظيم المحاضرات على مدار الأيام الثلاثة لكل دورة بحيث تكون متصاعدة ومترتبة على بعضها البعض.

وقد لوحظ أن استجابة الطلاب كانت مرتفعة جدا خلال الدورتين ،كما أقر الطلاب أنفسهم أن الدورة قد ساهمت بصورة ملحوظة فى تصحيح العديد من المفاهيم الخاطئة لديهم حول الإيدز ..وأشعرتهم بأهمية مكافحة هذا الوباء و الدور الملقى على عاتقهم لتحقيق ذلك بين زملائهم .

مضمون الدورات التدريبية

وقد كان سير كل من الدورتين على مدار الأيام الثلاثة كالآتى

اليوم الأول

بدأ اليوم الأول باللقاء مع الطلاب حيث تم التعارف بينهم و بين د. فرج الكامل مدير المركز والدكتور نصر السيد مدير البرنامج القومى، بالإضافة إلى ممثلى إدارة كلية الإعلام. وجرى تعريفهم بالهدف من الدورة وما سيقدم لهم من خلالها و أهمية انتظامهم فى المحاضرات حتى يحصلوا على الاستفادة المتكاملة . وقد تضمن اليوم الأول ثلاثة محاضرات كالتالى :

* المحاضرة الأولى :

قام بإلقاء هذه المحاضرة د. نصر السيد مدير مشروع مكافحة الإيدز بوزارة الصحة و السكان ، وقد كانت هذه المحاضرة بمثابة توعية للطلاب عن الإيدز و طرق الإصابة و العدوى وكيفية الوقاية ،وكذلك الإحصاءات الخاصة بمرضى الإيدز فى مصر والعالم . كما تم تعريف الطلاب خلال المحاضرة بالخط الساخن الخاص بمشروع مكافحة الإيدز وتوزيع أرقام التليفونات الخاصة به عليهم . وبعد الانتهاء من المحاضرة بدأ الطلاب فى توجيه أسئلتهم والاستفسار عن بعض الأمور مما ساهم فى توضيح بعض النقاط التى كانت مبهمة لديهم.

*المحاضرة الثانية :

قام بإلقاء هذه المحاضرة د.صفوت العالم بقسم العلاقات العامة و الإعلان وقد تناول فى المحاضرة أهمية الدور الذى يلعبه قادة الرأى فى التأثير فى أقرانهم و كيف يمكن لهؤلاء الطلاب أن يؤثروا فى زملائهم وأن يوظفوا هذا التأثير لصالح خدمة المشروع .

*المحاضرة الثالثة :

قام بإلقاء هذه المحاضرة ا.د.عدلى رضا الأستاذ بقسم الإذاعة و تناول فيها مهارات القائم بالاتصال المباشر- حيث تعرض للعديد من النقاط منها :

– تعريف الاتصال المباشر و خصائصه .

– مهارات الاتصال عند القائم بالاتصال .

– اتجاهات المصدر .

– كيف يكون القائم بالاتصال مؤثرا فى إقناع جمهوره .

– عوامل فهم الرسالة .

اليوم الثانى

تضمن اليوم الثانى ثلاث محاضرات كانت كالتالى:

محاضرة د . فرج الكامل وعرض فيها لنتائج كل من الدراسة الكيفية والميدانية اللتىن أجريتا على عينة من الطلبة والعمال.

أولاً : الدراسة الكيفية

شرح فيها أولاً ماهية مجموعات النقاش المستهدفة ، حيث يجلس فيها الباحث مع عدد معين من المبحوثين لمناقشة موضوع معين كان فى هذه الدراسة هو الإيدز . وأوضح للمتدربين الميزة التى تتفوق بها مجموعات النقاش المستهدفة ألا وهى إمكانية التحدث فى بعض الأمور المحرجة ـ و الذى تمثل فى هذه الدراسة فى المحور الأخير و كان يتم فيه سؤال المبحوثين عن اعتيادية بعض الممارسات بين الشباب مثل الممارسات الجنسية وتعاطى المخدرات

ركز فى عرضه لنتائج المجموعات المستهدفة على نتائج المحور الذى يخص الممارسات الخطرة بين الشباب من الجنسين وأشار إلى حالات تعاطى المخدرات بكافة أنواعها ـ البانجو و الماكس و الحشيش وإلى حالات الزواج العرفى بين الشباب والشابات فى الجامعة ، و حالات الممارسة الجنسية بدون الالتزام حتى بعقد الزواج العرفى ، كما أشار إلى ما ذكره الأولاد من أن الغانيات متوفرات و بمنتهى السهولة و أن هذه السهرات أرخص بكثير من التنزه فى أى مكان فى القاهرة .

ثانياً : الدراسة الميدانية

ذكر فيها د . فرج الكامل عينة الدراسة وأهم النتائج المتعلقة بمدى المعرفة بالإيدز، و أسباب الإصابة به و طرق الوقاية. وعرض أيضاً للنتائج المتعلقة باتجاهات عينة الدراسة نحو المصاب بالإيدز ، من حيث عزله و حرمانه من العمل و الدراسة .

و أخيراً عرض النتائج الخاصة بعادات الاستماع و المشاهدة لدى عينة الدراسة وأوضح أن هذه الدورة الخاصة بتنمية مهارات الاتصال ما هى إلا جزء من حملة كبيرة لتوعية الشباب من الإيدز تنقسم إلى قسمين : قسم يقوم به الاتصال الشخصى، و القسم الآخر مهمة وسائل الإعلام ، لذلك تم قياس عادات الاستماع و المشاهدة فى الدراسة الميدانية لتكون مرشداً لتخطيط الحملة من خلالها .

*المحاضرة الثانية :

قامت بإلقاء المحاضرة د.ابتسام الجندى الأستاذ المساعد بقسم الإذاعة وقد تعرضت فى هذه المحاضرة لأهمية الاتصال الشخصى ودوره فى العملية الإقناعية كما تناولت مع الطلاب مراحل الإعداد للندوات فى كلياتهم بدءا من الاستعداد للندوة ومرورا بكافة المراحل التى تتطلباها العملية التنظيمية للندوة .

*المحاضرة الثالثة :

قامت بإلقائها الدكتورة أميرة العباسى حول مهارات الاتصال المباشر وذلك لإعداد المشاركين لتنظيم الندوات المخططة فى كلياتهم.

اليوم الثالث

تضمن اليوم الثالث محاضرة واحدة أعقبها لقاء بين الطلاب و ا.د.فرج الكامل مدير المركز وذلك لتنظيم العمل بينهم من أجل إقامة مجموعة من الندوات فى كلياتهم للتوعية بمرض الإيدز بين طلاب الجامعة .

*المحاضرة الأولى

قام بإلقاء هذه المحاضرة ا.د.حسن عماد الأستاذ بقسم الإذاعة وقد تناول المداخل الإقناعية للوقاية من الإيدز من خلال عدة عناصر هى :

الاتصال الإقناعى من حيث محدداته و عناصره الأساسية و هى :

القائم بالاتصال : مواصفاته،و شروط فاعليته .

الرسالـة : وخصائصها الإقناعية .

المتلـقى .

مستويات الإقناع .

الاتصال الشخصى .

استراتيجيات الإقناع .

الجلسة الختامية

حضرها كل من أ . د . فرج الكامل و د . عادل فهمى . و كانت بمثابة جلسة ودية لمناقشة الترتيبات النهائية لعقد الندوات فى كل كلية من الكليات .

الاتفاق على أن تحمل كل الندوات نفس العنوان ” حماية الشباب من الإيدز ” .
فى هذه الجلسة قام كل مجموعة من الطلاب ممثلين لكلية معينة بتحديد الموعد المناسب لعقد الندوة فى كليتهم ، مع تحديد المدرج أو القاعة ، و زمن عقد الندوة و الوقت المخصص لها .
الاتفاق على أسماء المدعوين والمتحدثين لاستخراج التصاريح اللازمة .
الاتفاق على زى واحد ـ الأبيض و الأسود ـ ليكون الزى الذى يرتديه أعضاء الدورة عند تنظيم الندوات فى كلياتهم ، كنوع من التمييز بالنسبة لهم .
الاتفاق على مواعيد تسلمهم للملصقات الخاصة بالإيدز ليتم تعليقها قبل الندوة بوقت كاف .
تخصيص ميزانية للدعاية فى كل كلية .
حددت كل مجموعة من الطلبة الممثلين لكلية معينة إمكانيات كلياتهم ، و بناء عليها تم تحديد وسائل الإيضاح المستخدمة فى كل كلية ، مثلا كلية التجارة يمكن عرض شرائح ناطقة بها ، و فى كلية الإعلام يمكن عرض فيلم فيديو لتوفر الإمكانيات و هكذا .
التأكيد على عدم تجاهل إدارات الكليات و فى حالة مواجهة أية صعوبات يمكن الاتصال بالمركز لتقديم الدعم المطلوب.
توجيه خطاب شكر إلى كل كلية على الاختيار الصائب لمجموعة الطلبة الممثلين لها .
وجود جائزة لأفضل دعاية ، وأخرى لأفضل تنظيم ، وهى مسابقة بين الطلبة فى التنظيم و الدعاية تحفزهم على العمل بجدية تامة فى تنظيم الندوات.

اقتراحات إضافية

عمل مسابقة فى الندوة مع وجود جوائز فورية ( سواء كانت تى شرت أو مبالغ نقدية أو رحلة مدعّمة ) .
استضافة فنانين مشهورين مما يجذب اهتمام الطلبة لحضور الندوة.
توزيع دعوات على كل أسرة و تتولى هى توزيعها على الأعضاء .
أن تقوم الصحافة الجامعية و لوحات الحائط فى كل كلية بتغطية الموضوع والمساهمة فى الدعاية له .
أن تقوم برامج التليفزيون بتصوير الندوة وإذاعتها .
تنظيم مسيرة فى الجامعة.(وقد تم الاتفاق على عدم القيام بها فى الوقت الحالى)
عمل اجتماعات فى الإجازة الصيفية لتوعية الكل و ليس فقط شباب الجامعة .
إجراء مقابلات فى الأندية الرياضية و توزيع كارت الخط الساخن لمزيد من التوعية .

ملاحظات للمتدربين

1 ـ كان اختيار الخبراء و المحاضرين موفقاً إلى درجة كبيرة وهى دورات مهمة جداً للطلاب و لأساتذة الجامعة عموماً . (محمد عبد الرحمن ـ كلية الإعلام .)

2 ـ أتمنى توسيع نطاقها لتشمل المدارس الثانوية و غيرها من التجمعات كالنوادى و غيرها .(عماد عبد الحليم ـ كلية العلوم .)

3 ـ ضرورة الاستمرار فى عملية التوعية و الأنشطة الاتصالية فى الجامعة أثناء الإجازات الصيفية نظراً لوجود وقت فراغ للشباب .( ألمظ عبد الرحمن ـ كلية الآثار).

4 ـ هذه الدورات أشعرتنا بخطورة المرض و أساليب انتشاره و ضرورة مكافحته و مساعدة مرضى الإيدز و حسن معاملتهم .

5 ـ ضرورة إنشاء جمعية علمية باسم ” أصدقاء مرضى الإيدز ” بجامعة القاهرة تحت إشراف د . فرج الكامل.

تعليقات المتدربين على الدورات

( 1 ) اكتساب مهارات الاتصال الفعال :

تعرفت على مهارات الاتصال مع الآخرين .
تنمية مهاراتى فى الاتصال الشخصى .
اكتساب خبرة تنظيمية لأنشطة الاتصال المباشر .
اكتساب مهارات الإقناع حول موضوع الدورة .
معرفة طرق حماية المجتمع من الإيدز .
التعود على الحوار المفتوح حول الإيدز .
اكتساب مهارات القيادة و التوجيه .

( 2 ) اكتساب معلومات عن الإيدز :

اكتسبت معلومات جديدة لم أكن أعلمها عن الإيدز .
الاستفادة من الخبرات العلمية و العملية بدرجة كبيرة .
معرفة أساليب معاملة مريض الإيدز .
المرونة و عدم الجمود فى النظرة لمرضى الإيدز .
صححت الدورة معلوماتى الخاطئة عن المرض .

( 3 ) تكوين صداقات و روابط مع زملاء و خبراء فى الدورة :

تكوين علاقات جديدة مع الزملاء من الطلبة فى جامعة القاهرة .
سعدت بمعرفة أساتذة أفاضل .
اكتساب معارف تنفيذية و تنظيمية للأنشطة الاتصالية .
اكتساب معارف جدد و التنسيق معهم لتنفيذ أنشطة تخدم طلاب الجامعة .

تقييم كمى للدورات التدريبية

الحملة الإعلامية فى الراديو والتليفزيون

بالإضافة إلى الندوات العشرة التى تم تنظيمها فى الجامعة، فقد تم تنظيم بعض الأنشطة الإعلامية من خلال الراديو والتليفزيون، وذلك فى حدود الميزانية المحدودة جدا لهذا الغرض.

وفى إطار هذه الحملة قامت إذاعة الشباب والرياضة بتنظيم ندوة جماهيرية من خلال الإذاعة، وذلك من خلال برنامج حى على الهواء مباشرة، مع التنويه عن رقم التليفون الخاص بالبرنامج لكى يتصل من يشاء من المستمعين بضيوف البرنامج فى الأستوديو مباشرة.

ولابد هنا من التنويه بشجاعة المسئولين عن هذه الإذاعة، ففى الوقت الذى يتردد فيه بعض الإعلاميين قبل الحديث عن موضوع الإيدز، فقد سمح المسئولون عن هذه الإذاعة بتناول الموضوع على الهواء مباشرة و بدون أى نوع من أنواع الرقابة.

وقد اشترك فى البرنامج كل من الدكتور فرج الكامل والدكتور نصر السيد، وقاما بالرد على أسئلة المستمعين على الهواء مباشرة. ومن الجدير بالذكر أن إحدى المستمعات اتصلت بالبرنامج لتعلن على الهواء أنها مصابة بالإيدز الذى انتقل إليها من زوجها. ولم يكن لدى البرنامج الوطنى لمكافحة الإيدز أى علم بهاتين الحالتين من فبل.

وفد شاركت فى الحملة أيضا شبكة المحليات المكونة من إذاعة القاهرة الكبرى بالإضافة إلى عشر إذاعات محلية أخرى فى كافة أنحاء الجمهورية. وقد أخذت هذه المشاركة شكل التنويهات القصيرة التى يقوم المذيعون بقراءتها بين فقرات البرامج.

وشاركت فى الحملة بشكل محدود كل من إذاعتى صوت العرب والشرق الأوسط، وأخذت هذه المواد شكل التحقيق الإذاعى واللقاءات مع المتخصصين.

كما شاركت القناة الثالثة بالتليفزيون بعدد من البرامج التى أذيعت فى شهرى إبريل ومايو 1997، وأخذت فى معظمها شكل اللقاءات مع عينات من الشباب بالإضافة إلى بعض المتخصصين فى الطب وعلم الاجتماع والإعلام.

ندوات حماية الشباب من الإيدز

مارس 1997

عقد مركز التدريب والتوثيق والإنتاج الإعلامى عشرة ندوات فى الكليات الآتية بجامعة القاهرة:

كلية الآداب.
كلية الهندسة.
كلية السياسة والاقتصاد.
كلية التجارة.
كلية العلوم.
كلية الطب البيطرى.
كلية الآثار.
كلية دار العلوم.
كلية الإعلام.
ندوة الجوالة وتم عقدها بقاعة المؤتمرات بكلية الإعلام.

ندوة كلية الآداب

حضر الندوة :

د . ميرفت جنيدى خبيرة الوقاية من الإيدز .
د . طارق أستاذ الأمراض الجلدية بكلية الطب جامعة عين شمس .
د . فرج الكامل مدير مركز التدريب والتوثيق والإنتاج الإعلامى.
وكيل كلية الآداب .

قام بتنظيم الندوة الطالب : وائل محمد رضا .

الاستعدادات لعقد الندوة :

تمثلت هذه الاستعدادات فى وضع العديد من اللافتات الدعائية فى أماكن تجمع طلاب كلية الآداب . و تضمنت هذه اللافتات عنوان الندوة ، و موعد عقدها ، والمكان المخصص لذلك ، بالإضافة إلى الإشارة بأنها تعقد تحت رعاية وزير الصحة والسكان “د. إسماعيل سلام ” ورئيس الجامعة و بالتعاون مع منظمة اليونيسف، مع التنويه على أنها تحت رعاية عميد كلية الآداب و بالتعاون مع “مركز التوثيق و التدريب و الإنتاج الإعلامى” . و لتشجيع الطلاب على الحضور تم التنويه فى هذه اللافتات على أن الندوة تتضمن توزيع العديد من الجوائز القيمة .

تم عقد الندوة يوم الثلاثاء 26 ـ 2 ـ 1997 فى المدرج رقم ( 74 ) بالكلية و هو مدرج يتسع لحوالى 1000 من الطلاب و ذلك فى تمام الساعة الثانية عشرة والنصف ظهراً .

تم إعداد المدرج المخصص لعقد الندوة و تعليق العديد من الملصقات مع التأكد من سلامة معدات الصوت ” الميكرفون ” .

أثناء دخول الطلاب إلى المدرج ، قامت لجنة التنظيم بتوزيع نشرات مطبوعة عن الإيدز و الكارت الخاص برقم تليفون الخط الساخن ، بالإضافة إلى كارت دعوة مذيل فى آخره رقم مسلسل، و هو الرقم الذى تم السحب عليه فى نهاية الندوة .

مع بداية الندوة ، اصطفت كل من لجنة التنظيم ـ مرتدية اللون الأبيض والأسود ـ وأعضاء الجوالة لتنظيم دخول الطلاب وجلوسهم فى الأماكن المخصصة لهم . بدأت الندوة بكلمة لوكيل كلية الآداب رحب فيها بالضيوف و نوه عن أهمية عقد ندوة عن هذا الموضوع . ترك بعدها الميكرفون للدكتور فرج الكامل ، الذى شكر إدارة الكلية على استضافتهم الكريمة ، و أشار إلى النظام الذى ستسير عليه الندوة ألا و هو ترك مساحة كبيرة من الوقت تخصص للإجابة على أسئلة الطلاب بالإضافة إلى السحب الذى سيتم فى نهاية الندوة على الأرقام المكتوبة على كارت الدعوة .

بدأت بعد ذلك الدكتورة ” ميرفت جنيدى ” بحديث لم يستغرق أكثر من 10 دقائق تناولت فيه طبيعة الإيدز و آخر الإحصائيات عن أرقام المصابين فى مصر والعالم.

تلا ذلك حديث للدكتور ” طارق ” فرّق فيه بين المصاب بالإيدز و مريض الإيدز ، و المراحل التى يمر بها الفيروس داخل جسم الإنسان ، و بالمثل لم يستغرق حديثه أكثر من 10 دقائق .

أثناء حديث كل من د . ميرفت و د . طارق ، قامت لجنة التنظيم و الجوالة بتوزيع أوراق على الطلبة لكتابة أسئلتهم عليها ، و تم جمعها بعد ذلك ليتم الإجابة عليها من قبل المتحدثين .

تركزت أسئلة الطلاب حول المحاور التالية :

كيفية التعامل مع مريض الإيدز .
هل هناك إجراء قانونى يتخذ ضد مريض الإيدز .
مدى إمكانية عزل مرضى الإيدز .
كيف يحمى الشاب نفسه من الإصابة فى حالة الممارسة الجنسية مع شخص يحتمل أن يكون مريضاً .
كيف يحمى الشاب نفسه من الإصابة فى حالة اخذ حقن الماكس .
ما هى الطرق التى يمكن أن يكتشف بها الإنسان إصابته بالإيدز .
أماكن التحليل و الفحص لمن أراد أن يجرى اختبار كشف الإيدز .
هل الخط الساخن آمن أم هناك إمكانية للتجسس على هذا الخط .
هل الناموس و أدوات الحلاقة و أطباء الأسنان يساهمون فى نقل عدوى الإيدز .

و تولى كل من د . ميرفت و د . طارق الإجابة على هذه الأسئلة و تصحيح المفاهيم الخاطئة والشائعات ، مثل عزل المرضى و مدى أمان الخط الساخن و أيضاً ما يتعلق بعيادات أطباء الأسنان والحلاقين و غيرها من أنماط الحياة اليومية ، بالإضافة إلى الحشرات و إمكانية نقلها للإيدز .

فى نهاية الندوة تم السحب على عشرة من الأرقام الموجودة على كروت الدعوة ، مع توجيه سؤال لكل شخص يتم سحب رقم دعوته ، و فى حالة الإجابة الصحيحة على السؤال يفوز بجائزة نقدية قيمتها عشرة جنيهات .

. و أخيراً تم توزيع جوائز على الفائزين فى المسابقة الأدبية وسلّم الجوائز كل من د. فرج الكامل و وكيل الكلية

تقييم الندوة :

نجح منظمو الندوة فى أداء عملهم من حيث توزيع النشرات المطبوعة والكروت وتنظيم أماكن جلوس الطلبة.

أيضاً كان هناك نظام جيد فى عملية توزيع الأوراق لكتابة الأسئلة عليها وإعادة هذه الأسئلة إلى المتحدثين.

كانت فكرة تخصيص معظم الوقت تقريباً للإجابة على أسئلة الطلبة أوقع من مجرد قيام المتحدثين بإلقاء محاضرة حول الموضوع .

أيضا فإن فكرة السحب على جوائز قيمة الواحدة منها عشرة جنيهات حفّزت الطلبة على الانتظار إلى نهاية الندوة علّهم يكونوا من الفائزين .

نجحت الندوة فى كسر حدة الخجل وتحرج السؤال عن موضوعات معينة مثل “العلاقات الجنسية والعازل و القبلة الفرنسية ” وغيرها ، و لعل هذا راجع إلى صراحة و تلقائية الرد من المتحدثين بدون خجل ، و أيضا نظام توزيع الورق وبالتالى تبقى شخصية السائل مجهولة بالنسبة للجميع . و للدلالة على هذا فقد وصل سؤال إلى المتحدثين من فتاه كانت موجودة فى المحاضرة و تشك فى أنها مصابة بالإيدز و فى نفس الوقت هى مخطوبة ، و تسأل هل يجب عليها إخبار خطيبها أم لا.

استعان د . طارق بآيات من القرآن الكريم للتدليل على بعض ما يقول و هو ما كان له تأثير كبير.

نجحت الندوة فى نقل معلومات عديدة عن الإيدز للطلبة ، بدليل أنهم أجابوا إجابات صحيحة على الأسئلة التى تم توجيهها إليهم فى نهاية الندوة.

أوجه القصور فى هذه الندوة :

تأخرت الندوة عن الموعد المقرر لعقدها حوالى نصف ساعة مما جعل بعض الطلبة الذين حضروا مبكراً يهمون بالانصراف بسبب الملل فى انتظار بدء الندوة .
فى الكلمة التى ألقاها وكيل الكلية ذكر معلومة خاطئة ، فهو لا يشك فى إصابة أى طالب من الطلبة الموجودين فى المدرج بالإيدز ، و هذا عكس ما تسعى إليه الندوة من إشعار الشباب أن الإيدز أقرب إليهم مما يظنون . و قد صححت له هذه المعلومة د . ميرفت أمام الطلبة .
فى نهاية الندوة ـ فى الربع ساعة الأخيرة ـ بدأ بعض الطلبة فى الانصراف لحضور محاضراتهم التالية التى كان قد حان موعدها مما أحدث نوعاً من عدم النظام.

ندوة كلية الآثار

حضر الندوة كل من د. نصر السيد، د. ميرفت جنيدى، د. فرج الكامل، د. عادل فهمى ،عميد كلية الآثار ، مسئول رعاية الشباب بالكلية.

تنظيم الندوة:-

* افتقرت الندوة إلى التنظيم الجيد. عدد الطلبة كان محدودا. تم إقامة الندوة فى مدرج صغير لا يتسع إلا لخمسين طالب على الأكثر. الدعاية لم تكن بالقدر الكافى تمثلت فى لافتة واحدة من القماش عند مدخل الكلية.

* منظمو الندوة لم يقوموا بأداء عملهم من حيث توزيع ورق السحب على المسابقات أو كروت الخط الساخن وغيرها.

* لعدم الانضباط داخل المدرج لم تستكمل المسابقة حتى نهايتها.

* تأخر عقد الندوة ساعة كاملة عن موعدها بسبب عميد الكلية حيث لم يكن على علم بموعد عقد الندوة.

* أخيرا، تم تصوير الندوة بكاميرا القناة الثالثة كنوع من الدعاية عن الندوات.

ندوة كلية الطب البيطرى

حضر الندوة كل من د. نصر السيد ود. ميرفت جنيدى ود. فرج الكامل ود. عادل فهمى وعميد الكلية ومسئول رعاية الشباب.

تميزت الندوة بحضور عدد كبير من أعضاء هيئة التدريس الذين شاركوا بفاعلية فى المناقشة.
تميزت الندوة بالتنظيم الجيد والدعاية الممتازة حيث قام منظمو الندوة بتعليق لوحات تحمل أسئلة حول الإيدز على طول الطريق من بوابة الكلية إلى قاعة المؤتمرات التى عقدت فيها الندوة. بالإضافة إلى عدد من اللافتات القماش.
قام المنظمون بتوزيع أقلام ومناديل ورقية وأكواب مطبوع عليها أسم المركز والكلية وعنوان الندوة.
شملت الندوة توزيع مشروبات مثلجة وشيكولاته على الحاضرين.
تميزت بمشاركة فعالة فى المناقشة من قبل الطلبة وأعضاء هيئة التدريس نتيجة لطبيعة الدراسة العلمية فى الكلية.
قام عميد الكلية بتقديم هدايا تذكارية لكل من د. نصر السيد ود. ميرفت جنيدى ود. فرج الكامل.

ندوة كلية العلوم

حضر الندوة :

د. فرج الكامل

.د. ميرفت جنيدى

د. محمد محسن

د. عادل فهمى

د. حامد عبد الرحيم رائد اللجنة الثقافية بالكلية .

وقائع الندوة :-

قام الطلاب بعمل دعاية للندوة على مدخل المبنى الذى يوجد به المدرج مقر الندوة ، وقد كان المدرج الذى عقدت به الندوة ممتلئاً بالحاضرين من الطلبة ، كما حضر عدد كبير من أعضاء هيئة التدريس .

و قام منظمو الندوة بتوزيع الأرقام التى سيجرى عليها السحب بين الحاضرين ، كما قاموا بتوزيع المشروبات على جميع الحاضرين ، كما اهتموا بتصوير الندوة باستخدام كاميرا فيديو . بالإضافة إلى تسجيلها باستخدام الكاسيت .

و قد قام كل من د. ميرفت جنيدى و د. محمد محسن بتوضيح بعض المفاهيم حول مرض الإيدز وتصحيح بعض الأخطاء الشائعة فيما يتعلق بهذا المرض .

ثم قام الطلبة بتقديم فاصل موسيقى كنوع من الترفيه الذى تخلل الندوة .

وأعقب تقديم الفاصل عقد مسابقة بين الطلاب تم خلالها السحب على الأرقام التى سبق توزيعها عليهم ، حيث تم اختيار الطلاب عشوائياً وتم توجيه سؤال للمتسابق وعلى أساس الإجابة يحصل على الجائزة .

و فى النهاية أعلن منظمو الندوة عن تنظيم رحلة مجانية للصوت الضوء لمن يرغب من الحاضرين .

تقييم الندوة :

قام منظمو الندوة بعمل دعاية جيدة و قد تمثل ذلك فيما يلى :

وضع لافتات و رسومات و ملصقات عن الإيدز ، كما علقوا لوحات للدعاية عن مكان عرض الندوة و قد تم تعليق هذه اللوحات أمام و داخل “مبنى حيوان” الذى عقدت فيه الندوة .
حرص منظمو الندوة على ارتداء كارنيهات بأسمائهم وعليها اسم الندوة، بالإضافة إلى البادج الخاص بالمركز .
حرص منظمو الندوة على جذب الحاضرين للندوة عن طريق الإعلان عن رحلة الصوت و الضوء .

ملاحظات عامة:

تميزت الندوة بمشاركة طلابية كبيرة ومن جانب أعضاء هيئة التدريس .. فقد امتلأ المدرج عن أخره.
الدعاية جيدة وإن اقتصرت على المبنى الذى عقد الندوة فيه.
حرص المنظمون على ارتداء كارنيهات تحمل أسمائهم وعنوان الندوة وبادج المركز.
نظمت الكلية رحلة للحاضرين لرؤية الصوت والضوء مجانا كنوع من الدعاية.
كان هناك فاصل موسيقى عزفته فرقة من الكلية.
تم توزيع مشروبات مثلجة على الحاضرين.
تم تصوير الندوة بالفيديو عن طريق طلبة الكلية.

ندوة كلية التجارة

حضر الندوة كل من د. نصر السيد، د. ميرفت جنيدى، د. فرج الكامل، د. عادل فهمى، الفنان هشام عبد الحميد ورائد الاتحاد.

* حضر الندوة حوالى 3000 طالب.

* حضور الفنان هشام عبد الحميد جذب مجرى الحوار أحيانا إلى اتجاه الفن والتمثيل والأسئلة التى لا علاقة لها بالإيدز ولكن وجوده من ناحية أخرى رغب الطلبة فى حضور الندوة والاستمرار فيها.

* أنهى رائد الاتحاد الندوة قبل استكمال أسئلة المسابقة مما أحرج الضيوف.

* استغل طالبان فرصة عقد الندوة وأفصحا عن إصابتهما بالإيدز ولكن بدون ذكر الأسماء.

ندوة كلية السياسة والاقتصاد

حضر الندوة: د. نصر السيد، د. فرج الكامل، د. إبراهيم الكردانى.

* قامت إدارة الكلية بتأجيل موعد عقد الندوة دون أن تخطر المركز وترتب على ذلك أنه عند توجه الضيوف للكلية لم يجدوا الطلبة المنظمين أو أى نوع من الدعاية.

* تم تعليق لوحة الدعاية قبل موعد الندوة بنصف ساعة فقط، وقام العاملون بمركز التوثيق بدعوة طلاب الكلية لحضور الندوة.

* كانت استجابة الطلبة للحضور محدودة نسبيا حيث لم يقم أى من المنظمين من طلاب الكلية بأى جهد خلال الندوة.

* استمرت الندوة لمدة ساعة واحدة فقط نظرا للعدد المحدود من الطلاب.

ندوة كلية الهندسة

المحاضرون فى الندوة :

د.نصر محمد السيد

د.ميرفت جنيدى

د. محمود غريب الشربينى-عميد كلية الهندسة

د. فرج الكامل

وقائع الندوة:

بدأت الندوة بتلاوة بعض آيات القرآن الكريم من أحد طلاب الكلية وأعقب ذلك افتتاح الندوة بكلمة لعميد كلية الهندسة ،أبرز فيها خطورة الإيدز و رحب بالضيوف، مقدما الشكر لليونسيف ومركز التوثيق و كل المساهمين فى مشروع حماية الشباب من الإيدز.ثم قدم د.فرج الكامل المحاضرين .

بدأ د.نصر السيد بإعطاء تعريف متكامل للإيدز ومؤشرات خطورته ودواعى الحذر منه.

كما قامت د.ميرفت جنيدى بتصحيح بعض المفاهيم الخاطئة مثل :

الإيدز ينتقل عن طريق الأجانب.
انتقال الإيدز عن طريق الحشرات و أدوات الحلاقة و عيادات الأسنان .

ثم فتح باب المناقشة و تعددت المحاور التى دارت حولها الأسئلة و هى:

مسببات الإصابة و طرق انتقال الإيدز .
العلاقات الجنسية الشاذة وعلاقتها بالإيدز.
الاحتياطات اللازمة عند نقل الدم .
عدم جدوى عزل مرضى الإيدز .
الآثار الاجتماعية المترتبة على التحاليل الطبية .
سرية الخط الساخن .
علاقة المخدرات بالإيدز .
آخر ما توصل إليه العلم فى علاج الإيدز.
عدوانية مريض الإيدز .

بعض أوجه القصور فى الندوة :

لم يقم منظمو الندوة بعمل الدعاية الكافية و تمثل ذلك فى عدم وجود لوحات قماش للدعاية رغم توفير الميزانية اللازمة لها .لم تكن الدعاية موزعة على كافة مبانى الكلية و اقتصرت فقط على المبنى رقم (3000 ) الذى عقدت به الندوة.

[CB1] تراوح عدد الحاضرين بين 120-150 . ولكن منظمى الندوة أكدوا أن هذا العدد يعد كبيرا مقارنة بالعدد الذى يحضر أى ندوة فى كلية الهندسة – حتى لو كانت متخصصة – وذلك يرجع لطبيعة الدراسة بالكلية .

لم يكن فى حسبان منظمى الندوة إجراء السحب على الجوائز المادية المقدمة من المركز ، فقام طلاب كلية الإعلام بترقيم بعض المطبوعات – التى تحتوى على معلومات عن الإيدز – وتوزيعها على الحاضرين لإجراء السحب عليها .

ندوة كلية الإعلام

حضر الندوة: د. نصر السيد، د. إبراهيم الكردانى، د. فرج الكامل، د. فاروق أبو زيد عميد الكلية، د. على عجوة وكيل الكلية، د. عدلى رضا رائد الاتحاد.

* عقدت الندوة فى مدرج (1) أكبر مدرجات الكلية وقد امتلأ عن أخره .

* كانت المشاركة فعالة من جانب الطلبة سواء فى الأسئلة أو المسابقات.

* ساهم حضور د. إبراهيم الكردانى فى اجتذاب أكبر عدد من الطلاب.

* قدم أحد الطلبة فاصلا فكاهيا لتقليد الفنانين خلال الندوة.

* كانت الدعاية جيدة، والطلبة الحاضرون كانوا ملتزمين وساد الندوة جو من الألفة.

ندوة الجوالة – قاعة المؤتمرات بكلية الإعلام

حضر الندوة: د. نصر السيد، د. فرج الكامل، د. عادل فهمى.

* حضر الندوة طلبة الجوالة بالكليات التى عقدت بها الندوات وعدد من مسئولى رعاية الشباب بهذه الكليات.

* كانت استجابة الطلبة جيدة.

* حضر الندوة جميع الطلبة الذين نظموا الندوات التسعة السابقة.

* تم من خلال الندوة توزيع الجوائز على الكليات الفائزة حيث كانت الجوائز كالتالى:

ــ جائزة أحسن دعاية كلية الطب البيطرى.

ــ جائزة أحسن تنظيم كلية الإعلام.

ــ جائزة أحسن مشاركة كلية الآداب.

وقد كانت هذه هى الندوة الأخيرة فى إطار المشروع.